I don't claim to be an expert. I have however had a bear watch me and my pooch while grouse hunting, only to charge off through the brush (unseen) when we stopped to examine its tracks where it turned off the trail we were walking on, and another do the same on the Mizzy Lake Trail in Algonquin Park while hiking there with my son several years ago. In the first case, I was armed with a 20 gauge over/under and had spray on my belt. In the second I was unarmed except for the spray on my belt. I surely felt just as secure of my personal safety in the second case as I did in the first, maybe more so, because in the second case my hands were unencumbered and the canister was drawn and ready to fire before I even determined that the bear was receding into the brush rather than advancing toward the trail.
http://www.fieldandstream.com/articl...arging-grizzly