From the Alberta hunting regs
http://www.albertaregulations.ca/hun...s/genregs.html
BIG GAME
It is unlawful to
set out, use or employ any of the following items for the purpose of hunting big game:
- ammunition of less than .23 calibre,
- ammunition that contains non-expanding bullets,
- an auto-loading firearm that has the capacity to hold more than 5 cartridges in the magazine,
- a shotgun having a gauge of .410 or less,
- a shotgun in a bird sanctuary,
- bait, except as permitted for the hunting of black bears (click here for more information on Black Bear baiting),
- an arrow other than an authorized arrow (click here for more information on bowhunting),
- a bow other than an authorized bow (click here for more information on bowhunting),
- a muzzle-loading firearm of less than .44 calibre,
- a rifle or shotgun in WMUs 212, 248 or 410 (persons hunting under the authority of a Strathcona White-tailed Deer Licence, a Foothills Deer Licence, or an Antlerless Moose Special Licence in Strathcona County may hunt with a bow and arrow, cross-bow, muzzle loader or shotgun),
- a trap,
- a cross-bow and arrow that is not authorized (click here - to view Hunting with a Cross-bows)
Nothing about spears. So as long as he hunted the bear in a general hunt rather than an archery only hunt, it looks like tge hunt was legal.